Aim To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C3 gene -482C>T and the levels of serum lipids as well as lipoproteins. Methods The genotypes of the subjects were determined by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP), and the serum lipids and apolipoproteins were determined. Results The carrier with minor allele of -482C>T have higher levels of serum triglycerides. At the same time the carrier with minor allele of -482C>T have higher levels of serum apolipoprotein C3 and higher apolipoprotein C2. Conclusions The results strongly support that the single nucleotide polymorphisms, -482C>T in apolipoprotein C3 gene, is related to the levels of serum triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and those of other several lipoproteins in the Chinese population.