Aim To study the effects of atorvastatin cholesterol-lowering therapy on vascular endothelial function in unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Methoed 62 patients with unstable angina were randomly divided into atorvastatin therapeutic group (n=30) and conventional therapeutic group (n=32). Vascular endothelial function in form of flow-mediated dilatation was assessed in the brachium artery by high-resolution ultrasound technique and the levels of NO were assayed before and after 12 weeks treatment in two groups. Results After 12 weeks atorvastatin treatment, vascular endothelial function were obviously improved and the levels of NO were markedly increased compared with that before treatment (p<0.01). It had no significant difference in control group(p>0.05). Conclusion The cholesterol-lowering therapy with atorvastatin could improve vascular endothelial function of patients with unstable angina pectoris.