Aim To investigate the association of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ2(PPARγ2) gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and early period atherosclerosis(As) in Han people of Dalian(Chinese.Methods The genotypes of Pro12Ala variant in PPARγ2 gene exon B were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) assay in 202 T2DM patients(77 cases with As and 125 cases without As) and 102 control subjects.Results The genotype frequencies in As group, non-As group and control group are 0.961,0.896 and 0.892 for Pro/Pro.The genotype frequencies are 0.039,0.104 and 0.108 for Pro/Ala.All of them are 0 for Ala/Ala.The frequencies of Pro/Pro are not different between subjects in control group and diabetes(P=0.407).There is no difference between diabetic patients without As and those with As(P=0.096).In control group,subjects with Ala carrier have higher BMI than those with non-Ala carrier(P=0.003).Stepwise regression analysis shows PPARγ2-Pro12Ala is not an independent danger factor for BMI. In diabetic group,there is no association between PPARγ2 polymorphism and clinical characteristics.Conclusions PPARγ2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism is not associated with the incidence of T2DM and early period As in Han people of Dalian Chinese.But subjects with Ala carrier have higher BMI than those with non-Ala carrier in control group.