Aim To elucidate whether Statin can reduce in-stent restenosis(ISR) and what kind of role plasma lipid parameters plays during ISR process.Methods 948 patients who had undergone successful stent implantation were studied,and they all received angiograph 3-6 months after stenting procedures.Blood samples after overnight fasting were collected one day before angiography for determination of serum lipids including cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC),high density lipoprotein(HDL),apolipoprotein A(apoA) and apolipoprotein B(apoB).The non-HDLCequals the plasma total cholesterol concentration minus the HDLC concentration.Results Restenosis was significantly lower in the statin group(20.13%) compared with the control group(26.28%)(P=0.037).There was no significant differences of TC,TC,LDLC,HDLCand apoA concentrations(all p>0.05)between the two groups except the concentration of non-HDLC(P=0.049)and apoB(P=0.035).There was a significant association between the changes of plasma concentrations of non-HDLCand extent of ISR(r=0.207,P=0.02).Multiple logistic regression analysis reveals that non-HDLCwere only independent predictors of ISR among all follow up lipid parameters.Conclusions This study demonstrates that non-HDLCprobably plays an important role during ISR-reducing process by statins