Aim To observe the expression change of resistin,adiponectin and adiponectin receptor of adipose tissue in high fat-fed Wistar rats,and to clarify the action of resistin,adiponectin with its receptor on the development of insulin resistance. Methods 30 Wistar male rats were randomly distributed into 2 groups: control and high fat-fed group.After they were treated for 11 weeks, total RNA,was extracted,reverse transcription(RT),polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was executed and enlarged the isolated cDNA and half-quantitative analysis was used. Results In high fat-fed group weight increased obviously than control group,as well as fasting blood glucose,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC), total free fat acid,insulin and HOMA-insulin resistance(IR),while HDLC(high density lipoprotein cholesterol) decreased(p<0.01).The glucose and insulin tolerance reduced greatly(p<0.01);the expression of adiponectin and resistin of high fat-fed group dropped markedly(p<0.01),whereas the expression of adiponectin receptor 1(R1) only showed the tendency to reduce,but didn't achieve significant statistic differences. Conclusions The decrease expression of adiponectin and resistin play an important role in the high fat-fed induced insulin resistance.Reduced expression of R1 may possibly associate the resistance of adiponectin with the high fat-fed induced insulin resistance.