Aim To evaluate the risk factors,renal functions,and serum lipid levels of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis(ARAS) patients,and analyze the correlation between them and the extent and severity of renal artery lesion. Methods Renal functions and serum lipids were measured in 70 patients with ARAS.They were analyzed and compared with those in 62 healthy controls. Results The morbilities of hypertension,coronary artery disease,chronic renal dysfunction and hyperlipoidemia were significantly increased compared with the controls(p<0.01).There were significant differences in blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(SCr),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL),apolipoprotein A1(apo A1) in the ARAS patients compared with the controls(p<0.05 or p<0.01),BUN,SCr and TC have significant differences in the different extent and severity of ARAS patients(p<0.01). Conclusion Hypertension,coronary artery disease,chronic renal dysfunction and hyperlipoidemia are risk factors for ARAS.