Aim To study the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on inducing cardiac microvascular endothelial cells(CMEC) to form new blood vessels and the role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1(VEGFR-1,Flt1). Methods Mouse CMEC were isolated and cultured.CMEC was induced to develop tube structure by using Matrigel so as to detect the influence of bFGF on neovascularization.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) assayed the expression of Flt-1mRNA. Results CMEC can be induced to develop tube structure by Matrigel in vitro.The number of vessel gradually increased with the concentrations of bFGF step up(0,5,10,20 μg/L) and decreased when bFGF was 40 μg/L(p<0.05).The expression of Flt-1mRNA gradually increased with the concentrations of bFGF step up(0,5,10,20 μg/L) and decreased when bFGF was 40 μg/L(p<0.05). Conclusion Mouse CMEC can be induced to develop tube structure by Matrigel in vitro.Mouse bFGF can promote CMEC to form new blood vessels and in certain rage show a dose-dependent manner.bFGF can enhance the expression of Flt-1 and in certain rage show a dose-dependent manner;this dose-dependent manner is similar to that of new blood vessels' quantity.