Aim To estimate the effect of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Cardiotonic Pills(RSMCP)on adhension factors.Methods 30 male New Zealand rabbits were fed with a diet of 1% cholesterol for 12 weeks after they were underwent ballon-induced abdominal arotic wall injury.At the end of the 12 th week,they were randomly divided into 3 groups.3 groups were separately given lower-dose RSMCP(5 pills/d),higher-dose RSMCP(10 pills/d)for 12 weeks,the last group was control group.At the beginning of the experiment,12 th week,and 24 th week,blood samples were collected to measure the lipid profile,concentrations of high sensitive-C reaction protein(hs-CRP);abdominal aorta was measured by high frequency ultrasound.The abdominal aorta were processed and examined by HE stain,immunohistochemical stain for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)and macrophage,and light reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)for mRNA of ICAM-1 and ICAM-1.Results Compared with control group,the RSMCP treatmeant could decrease low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC),total cholesterol(TC)and hs-CRP,increase high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC),and decrease intima-media thickness(IMT)(p<0.05 or p<0.01);VCAM-1,ICAM-1 and their mRNA,macrophage were decreased in all the treatment group.Conclusions RSMCP can inhibit the expression of adhesion factors,so inhibit inflammation on atherosclerosis,and postpone atherosclerotic progress in rabbits.