Aim To study the distribution of coagulation factor Ⅶ gene polymorphisms in Chinese Han population and the association of the polymorphisms with brain bleeding.Methods Genotypes of coagulation factor Ⅶ were typed in 36 brain bleeding patients and 36 controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results Coagulation factor Ⅶ allelic frequencies of R,Q were 90.3%,9.7% and 88.9%,11.1% in brain bleeding group and control group respectively.Genotype distribution was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.There was no significant difference in frequencies of allele and genotype in R353Q polymorphisms between brain bleeding group and control group.Conclusion The R353Q polymorphisms of the coagulation factor Ⅶ gene may not have a relationship with brain bleeding patients of Han Chinese in southern of China.