Aim To investigate the relationship between serum glucose concentration and left ventricular dysfunction after acute anterior myocardial infarction in non-diabetic patients.Methods A total of 123 non-diabetic patients diagnosed with acute anterior myocardial infarction was studied with admission glucose and echocardiography.According to admission glucose level,123 patients were divided into 3 groups:group 1 (G1),<7.8 mmol/L,52 cases;group 2 (G2),7.8-11.0 mmol/L,38 cases;group 3 (G3),>11.0 mmol/L,33 cases.Correlation between admission glucose level and parameters of echocardiogram was obtained using linear regression analysis,and the logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of heart failure.Results Compared with G1,the incidences of Killip class ≥Ⅱ was significantly higher in G2 and G3 (P<0.05 to P<0.01).Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (EDVI) (P<0.05) and left ventricular end-systolic volume index (ESVI) (P<0.05 to P<0.01) were increased,but left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.01) was lowered.Correlation analysis showed that admission glucose was positively correlated with creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB),EDVI and ESVI (r=0.251,0.181,0.232,P<0.05 to P<0.01),but inversely correlated with EF (r=-0.263,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that the admission glucose level was an independent prognostic factor for heart failure (OR=1.201,P=0.006).Conclusion Hyperglycemia on admission is an independent predicator of heart failure during hospitalization after acute anterior myocardial infarction in non-diabetic patients.