Aim To observe the effect of Rosuvastatin on vascular elasticity in type 2 diabetes complicated with hyperlipidemia.Methods 67 hyperlipidemia patients complicated with diabetes visiting endocrinology department of our hospital from January 2010 to January 2011 were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.The patients in control group received Acarbose,and those in treatment group received Acarbose plus Rosuvastatin.Duration of treatment was 8 weeks.Levels of blood glucose,blood lipid and the parameters of vascular elasticity such as EP,β,AC,AI and PWVβ,were measured in both groups before and after treatment.Results Blood lipid in control group didn't significantly change after treatment(P>0.05).Total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein(LDL) and triacylglycerol(TG) significantly decreased(P<0.01) in treatment group.The parameters of vascular elasticity didn't significantly change after treatment in control group,but Ep,β,AC,AI and PWV significantly changed in treatment group(P<0.05),and were significantly different from those in control group(P<0.05).The changes of Ep,β,AI and PWV in treatment group were significantly different from those in control group(P<0.05).The changes of TC,LDL and TG were positively related with Ep,β,AI and PWV(P<0.05).Conclusion Rosuvastatin may have a role in regulating blood lipid and protecting vascular elasticity.