Aim To understand the character of distribution for hyperlipemia and hyperlipemia-related diseases in different population. Methods 3019 people who came to our hospital for clinical exanimation were divided into groups according to their sex and age and were measured for their blood level of triglycerin(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC).Then these data and clinical diagnosis were analyzed. Results The elevation of TC level was accompanied by the increase in age.In male group,the TG level was increased first followed by decrease with increase of age.However,TG level was enhanced with increase of age in female group.The level of LDLC in male group with age below 40 was significantly higher than in female counterpart(P<0.05),however,there was no statistic difference in LDLC level between male and female group with age over 40(P>0.05).Level of HDLC was decreased with the increase of age in female group,but we did not find any relation between HDLC level and age in male group.Detection rate of hyperlipidemia in male(59.0%) was higher than that in female(33.5%),female with high TG,high TC,high LDLC detection rate peaked in the≥61 age group,male with high TC and high LDLC peak detection rate in the same group,but peak prevalence of high TG in the 41～50 age group; The high level of fatty liver,hypertension,diabetes,hepatic steatosis were more frequently found in male group(29%,19%,8%,19%)compared with female group(16%,18%,6%,12%).In contrast,Atherosclerosis was more frequently found in female group(18%) compared with male group(12%).It was positively correlated between hyperlipemia and fatty liver,hypertension,diabetes,hepatic steatosis(P<0.05). Conclusion The hyperlipemia and hyperlipemia-related disease were differently distributed in different population divided by age and sex.Our finding is very important for the early prevention,diagnosis and treatment of hyperlipemia and hyperlipemia-related diseases and also supplies an interesting clue for research in the cause of the hyperlipemia and hyperlipemia-related diseases.