Aim To investigate the reason of left ventricular(LV) remodeling after successful percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods Based on the results that whether or not the LV end-diastolic volume index(EDVI) increased 20% from baseline value one year after PCI,233 patients were divided into LV remodeling group(52 cases) and control group(181 cases).The logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of LV remodeling after PCI. Results Among all the 233 patients,22.3% had LV remodeling within 1 year after PCI.Compared with the control group,age,creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) activity,pain to balloon time and the incidences of anterior wall infarction,multivessel disease,prevalence of diabetes and incomplete ST-segment resolution(STR) were higher(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and plasma brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) was higher in LV remodeling group before and 7 days after PCI(P<0.05 or P<0.01) in LV remodeling group.LV remodeling was found to be independently related to CK-MB activity,prevalence of diabetes,incomplete STR,and increasing of BNP at 7 days after PCI. Conclusions CK-MB activity,prevalence of diabetes,incomplete STR,BNP at 7 days after PCI were independent risk factors for LV remodeling in patients with AMI.