Apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48) is mainly synthesized by intestine epithelial cells, and involved in the assembly and metabolism of chylomicrons.It has an obligatory role in the intestinal absorption of dietary fats.Expression of ApoB48 can be regulated by a variety of factors.The abnormal expression of ApoB48 may lead to disorder of lipid metabolism in the intestine.This may lead to obesity and atherosclerosis eventually.We mainly review the recent progress in the study of ApoB48.