Aim To explore the ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors in patients with premature coronary heart disease （CHD）,in order to provide guideline for primary prevention of premature CHD and early targeted treatment.Methods A total of 544 patients diagnosed with CHD by coronary angiography were selected from department of cardiology,Tangshan worker’s hospital from January 2013 to September 2013.We excluded subjects with a family history of CHD （n61） and those who had missing data on health factors or health behaviors （n24）.Based on age,the subjects were divided into two groups: 229 patients with premature CHD （male aged ≤55 years,female aged ≤65 years） served as the case group,while 208 patients with late-onset CHD （male＞55,female＞65 years） served as the control group.A case-control study was conducted to analyze the ideal cardiovascular health factors and health behaviors in patients with premature CHD,such as age,gender,body mass index （BMI）,history of smoking and drinking,healthy dietary intake,physical activity,history of hypertension,diabetes and dyslipidemia,family history of CHD and so on.Results ①As for percentage of males,systolic blood pressure,high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDLC）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDLC） and triglyceride （TG）,no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups （P>0.05）.Total cholesterol levels,diastolic blood pressure，BMI and fasting blood glucose in premature CHD group were higher than those in the control group,which was significantly different （P<0.05）②The proportion of healthy dietary intake and physical activity was lower in premature CHD group,compared with that in late-onset CHD group （P<0.05）③Multiple logistic regression analysis on ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors showed that cigarette smoking,elevated fasting blood glucose and higher BMI as well as inadequate healthy dietary intake and physical inactivity were associated with premature CHD,and OR values were 1.46 （95%CI 1.02～2.28），2.17 （95%CI 1.22～3.86），2.59 （95%CI 1.68～4.00），2.78 （95%CI 1.90～4.08） and 3.68 （95%CI 2.54～5.34）,respectively.Conclusion Cigarette smoking,elevated fasting blood glucose,BMI,inadequate healthy diet and physical inactivity may be associated with the incidence of premature CHD.