Aim To investigate whether Chinese yellow wine has influences on activity of homocysteine-induced in rat endothelial progenitor cells.Methods Rat bone marrow was extracted to harvest mononuclear cells （MNC） by density gradient centrifugation,and then the cells were plated on fibronectin-coated culture dishes,which were induced into endothelial progenitor cells by EGM-2 complete medium supplemented with cell growth factor. After 7 days,the adhered cells were collected to be used in all studies. Endothelial progenitor cells were characterized as adherent cells double positive for Di-LDL uptake and lectin binding by direct fluorescent staining under a laser scanning confocal microscope. Endothelial progenitor cells were incubated with one kind of wine （at the concentrations of 0%,0.2%,0.4%,0.8% and 1.6%） and 300 μmol/L Hcy for 24 h. The optimal concentration of the wine was selected. In another experiment,the cells were divided into 5 groups: control group,Hcy group,Hcy＋yellow wine group,Hcy＋red wine group and Hcy＋ethanol group,and were given the corresponding treatment for 24 h. The amount of eNOS and p-eNOS generated were determined by Western blot. The level of NO were determined by NO kit.Results Compared with control group,the amount of eNOS and p-eNOS generated in Hcy group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）,but significantly improved in Hcy＋yellow wine group and Hcy＋red wine group compared with Hcy group （P<0.01）,and there was no significant difference between Hcy＋ethanol group and Hcy group （P>0.05）. Compared with control group,the level of NO in Hcy group were significantly decreased （P<0.001）,but significantly improved in Hcy＋yellow wine group and Hcy＋red wine group compared with Hcy group （P<0.001）,Hcy＋yellow wine group was markedly better than Hcy＋red wine group （P<0.001）,the level of NO decreased markedly in Hcy group compared to Hcy＋yellow wine group and Hcy＋red wine group （P<0.001）,there was no statistical difference between Hcy＋ethanol group and Hcy group （P>0.05）.Conclusions Hcy may result in decreasing the amount of eNOS,p-eNOS generated and level of NO in endothelial progenitor cells,and treatment with yellow wine or red wine improves Hcy-induced endothelial progenitor cells functional activity.