Aim To observe the change of activation of myocardial NF-κB and its downstream inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosisfactor-alpha(TNF-α), whiteinterleukin-1β(IL-1β)and whiteinterleukin-6(IL-6) after myocardium ischemia reperfusion in diabetic rat and its mechanism. Methods 74 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into diabetics group(n50) and non-diabetics group(n24). Experimental diabetes was induced in the animals by a single intraperitoneal administration of STZ dissolved in 0.1 mol/L citrate buffer (pH 4.5) at a dose of 55 mg/kg. Normal rats received an equal volume of citrate buffer. Three days post-STZ injection, tail vein blood glucose samples were collected and measured with Onetouchglucometer (Johnson & Johnson, USA). The rats were considered diabetic and used for the study only if their glucose levels were greater than 15 mmol/L. Rats were housed 8 weeks after vehicle or STZ injection.