Aim To investigate the different serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha（TNF-α） and transforming grouth factor-beta（TGF-β） between atrial fibrilliation and other control groups, and its chemotatic effects on cardiac fubroblast. Methods Serum concentrations of TNF-α and TGF-β were measured by enzyme-linked immune-absorbent assay（ELISA）Cardiac fibroblast were isolated from the venticles of 1～3 days Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats and passaged three to four generation, the transwell chamber assay were used to test the different chemotatic effects of the cardiac fibroblasts with the different concentration （1 μg/L, 10 μg/L, 50 μg/L） of TNF-α and TGF-β. Results Compared with control group, the serum of TNF-α and TGF-β in other groups were obviously increased. The group of persistent atrial fibrillation （per-Af） was the highest, the serum of TNF-α and TGF-β in non-Af atrial arrhythmia（AA） was higher than paroxysmal Af（per-Af）, the control group was the least. In different concentration （1 μg/L,10 μg/L, 50 μg/L） of TNF-α and TGF-β chemotaxis induced, the number of cells that migrated through the polycarbonate membrane were different, 50 μg/L group were significantly increased compared with other concentrations, the number of migrated cell in 10 μg/L group was higher than 1 μg/L group. The multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the migrated cells in the lower surface were related to the concentration of TNF-α and TGF-β. Conclusions The different concentration of TNF-α and TGF-β among each group show that the occurrence of atrial fibrillation is associated with the potential inflammatory state. TNF-α and TGF-β have chemotaxis effect on cardiac fibroblast,its level is correlated with chemotatic movement. The chemotaxis of the serum with atrial fibrillation patients is partly mediated by TNF-α and TGF-β and it plays an important role in atrial fibrosis. The concentration of TNF-α and TGF-β can be used to reflect indirectly the presence, severity, extent of the myocardial damage.