Aim To investigate the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 261 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing PCI in our hospital from March 2014 to May 2016 were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into NAFLD group (n＝117) and non-NAFLD group (n＝144) based on the diagnosis of B-mode ultrasound. CIN was defined as≥44.2 μmol/L or ≥25％ increase from baseline serum creatinine within 48～72 hours after contrast medium exposure, and that was not attributable to other causes. The following data were recorded:the baseline measurements, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine levels before PCI and 1,2 and 3 days after PCI, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the contrast volume and coronary pathological features after PCI. Risk factors for CIN were determined by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results CIN occurred in 16.5% (43/261) of patients, and incidence of CIN was significantly higher in the NAFLD group than that in the non-NAFLD group [23.93%(28/117) vs. 10.42% (15/144), P＝0.003]. Compared with adverse events in the hospital, the incidence of acute heart failure in NAFLD group was higher (P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regressive analysis showed that NAFLD (OR＝2.18), diabetes (OR＝2.42), contrast volume (OR＝2.44) were risk factors for the incidence of CIN. Conclusion NAFLD is the independent risk predictor of CIN in patients with AMI undergoing PCI.