The incidence of acquired aortic diseases, such as aortic dissection, aortic aneurysm and multiple aortitis, is increasing year by year, with a tendency to become common and frequently occurring diseases. These diseases are often in critical condition, difficult to treat and with high risk of operation. However, the molecular mechanism of their pathological process is still unclear. Circular RNA (circRNA) has the characteristics of stability, tissue/developmental stage specificity, conservativeness and variety richness. CircRNA can bind to miRNA or protein, selectively regulate gene splicing or transcription and protein translation, etc. Many studies have found the presence of specific circRNA in acquired aortic diseases, so it is speculated that circRNA may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for acquired aortic diseases. This article will review the origin, biological characteristics, functions of circRNA, and some circRNAs which may be involved in the regulation of the molecular mechanisms of acquired aortic diseases.