The cardiovascular system maintains normal life activities of the body, and the cardiovascular system aging will cause diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction. Autophagy is a lysosomal-dependent degradation pathway. The level of autophagy gradually decreases with age. On one hand increasing autophagy can delay cells and tissues aging. On the other hand, excessive activation of autophagy levels will induce autophagic death and accelerate aging. Some natural pharmaceutical active ingredients regulate autophagy and ameliorate cardiovascular system aging. They may play a protective role in the aging of the cardiovascular system by regulating cellular autophagy. Therefore, this article reviews the role of autophagy and its research progress in the prevention of cardiovascular aging in natural pharmaceutical active ingredients.