The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing year by year, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death. Patients with CKD are often complicated with abnormal lipid metabolism, which is a significant factor in promoting the occurrence and development of CVD. However, the relationship between dyslipidemia in CKD patients and morbidity and mortality of CVD has its particularity, and it is controversial whether various lipid-lowering treatments can effectively improve CVD in patients with CKD. Therefore, this article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism and correlation between abnormal lipid metabolism and CKD patients with CVD, which is of exceedingly significance to reduce the incidence of CVD and improve the prognosis of CKD.