In recent years, the use of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles to develop biomimetic nanomedicines for atherosclerosis treatment has become a research hotspot. Among various cell membranes, due to the unique biological properties, red blood cells have been widely used as drug delivery. Erythrocyte membrane camouflaged biomimetic nanomedicines can not only prolong the circulation time and improve the biocompatibility in vivo, but also exhibit excellent passive targets through the enhanced permeability and retention effects of lesions for safe and efficient atherosclerosis therapy.Herein, this paper reviews erythrocyte membrane coating technology in the application of constructing the biomimetic nanomediciens in recent years, and focuses on its research applications in atherosclerosis therapy.