Aim To investigate the incidence and association of lacunar infarction (LI) with varying degrees leukoaraiosis.Methods A total of 130 cases of leukoaraiosis patients admitted in the department of Neurology, Beijing Military General Hospital from Jun 2012 to Dec 2012 and 130 healthy subjects were enrolled. The degree of leukoaraiosis and number of lacunar infarction were evaluated on MRI.Results The incidence of lacunar infarction in patients with leukoaraiosis was significantly higher than that of control group. The degree of leukoaraiosis was significantly associated with the number of lacunar infarction (r＝0.921, P＝0.000). Logistic regression demonstrated that age, hypertension, and lacunar infarction were the risk factors of the leukoaraiosis.Conclusion Occurrence of lacunar infarction has certain correlation with leukoaraiosis.