Aim To investigate the correlation between homocysteine （Hcy）, cystatin C （Cys C） and patients with essential hypertension and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Subjects were divided in to hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage group （108 cases）, essential hypertension group （100 cases） and control group （100 cases）, and their cystatin C, homocysteine and total cholesterol （TC） and triglycerides （TG） were surveyed. Results The patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and essential hypertension had higher levels of Hcy and Cys C than the control group （P<0.05）. The patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage had higher levels of Hcy and CysC than the essential hypertension group （P<0.05）. There was no correlation between Hcy and CysC with TC and TG （P>0.05）. Conclusion Cystatin C, Homocysteine determination have important significance to early prevention and treatment of hypertension and cerebral hemorrhage.