Lipoprotein(a) is a high risk factor for the formation and progression of atherosclerosis, and high level of lipoprotein(a) has been confirmed as a predictor of coronary heart disease. Because it is mainly controlled by genetics, diet, exercise, lifestyle, traditional lipid-lowering drugs have little effect on lipoprotein(a) level. With the deepening research, the metabolism, pathogenesis and harm of lipoprotein(a) have been gradually understood. Oxidized modified lipoprotein(a) has a stronger atherogenic effect. New lipid lowering drugs that reduce lipoprotein(a) have been developed, each of them has different target, functional intensity and mechanism of action on lowering lipoprotein(a), and the effect on the prognosis of the disease remains to be observed. This paper reviews the research progress of lipoprotein(a) metabolism, genetic regulation, oxidative modification and clinical intervention.