More and more studies have revealed that inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis et al. Caspase-1, caspase-4, caspase-5 and caspase-11 are named as inflammatory caspase, which cause the mature and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Inflammatory caspase can induce and magnify inflammatory response that represents a new paradigm in innate immunity. In addition to mediating cleavage of the NLRP3 inflammasome-associated cytokines interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) and IL-18, inflammatory caspase modulate distinct forms of pyroptosis by shearing gasdermin D into N-terminal fragment that showed pore-forming activity, while pyroptosis of cells release a large number of inflammatory cytokines. This study will discuss the role of inflammatory caspase in cardiovascular diseases.