Atherosclerosis (As), as a chronic arterial wall inflammatory response in panvascular diseases, is one of the main causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At present, more and more studies have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) are involved in the pathogenetic process of atherosclerosis formation and development. It can mediate microRNA (miRNA) regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in target genes. The mechanisms include endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation and other processes. And it involves multiple complex signaling pathways. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the biological function of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA and its effect on As in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases.