Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNA with complex biological functions, participating in various physiological and pathological processes. Due to their relatively stable stucture and tissue-specific and temporal expression patterns, circRNA have become a recent focus of biomedical research. Heart failure (HF) is characterized by impaired ventricular filling and/or ejection function caused by primary myocardial injury and cardiac overload, leading to the inability of the heart to meet the metabolic demands of the body’s tissues. It is the end stage of numerous cardiac diseases. Studies have found that circRNA may play a crucial regulatory role in the progression of HF, particularly in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, autophagy and myocardial fibrosis. This review summarizes the formation, classification, functional forms, and roles in HF of circRNA, aiming to provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of HF.